Graduation Gap Between Minority Students And White...

Introduction The number of diverse students entering and graduating from post-secondary institutions is increasing at rapid rates (Education Trust, 2015; Georgetown University Center, 2012). Between the years 2003 and 2013, 77% of public institutions improved graduation rates for underrepresented groups, including African-American, Hispanic, and Native American students (Education Trust, 2015). Despite this increase, there continues to be a graduation gap between underrepresented minority students and White students. Nationally, 42% percent of Black students that enter college will graduate while 62% of White students will graduate (The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, 2005). There is a similar graduation gap for college students who are the first in their family to attend college, or first-generation students. Sixty percent of first generation students that enter college will attend college for six years without receiving a bachelor’s degree (Smith, 2012). Historically underrepresen ted students and first generation students face unique challenges and hardships that can make graduation difficult (Hunter, Laursen Seymour, 2007; Jett, Curry, Vernon-Jackson, 2016; Schwartz, 2012). High impact practices such as the Ronal McNair Post-Baccalaureate Achievement Program (McNair Program) are designed to increase historically disadvantages and first generation student learning and retention in college. An importance aspect of high impact programs such as the McNairShow MoreRelatedCausality of the Racial Educational Achievement Gap1350 Words   |  6 PagesCausality of the Racial Educational Achievement Gap Noe Gonzalez WRC 1023 Ellen Walroth 18 February 2010 Causality of the Racial Educational Achievement Gap Research shows that on average, there is an educational gap between different ethnicities. This gap is called the racial educational achievement gap and is often looked at as the difference in education between black, hispanic, and white students. Even though this gap is not true in all situations, it is a big enough problem that severalRead MoreThe American Dream931 Words   |  4 Pagesindividuals, prepare them to participate as citizens of the democracy and provide students with the tools and knowledge to achieve the American Dream. The American Dream is an ideology that if you get an education, work hard and are a good citizen, you will succeed in life. However, with systemic inequity in our education system, specifically disparity in quality of education, the opportunity for education, achievement gaps between race and class, and segregation of schools, many children are not receivingRead MoreWhy School Should Be A Place For Children1651 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Stratifi cation between schools, or school-level stratification, separates students into facilities with different curricula, standards or resources. Implicit stratification results from non-academic factors, such as the community, poverty, or tax base. Explicit stratification separates students on purpose, creating specialty schools to cater to specific skills. Stratification within schools, is known as tracking, streaming or grouping. 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Thus, state education data collectedRead MoreIdentifying Strategies to Improve African American College Student Retention and Graduation Rates1690 Words   |  7 PagesMinorities are a growing segment of the population. However, this group continues to be underrepresented in the area of post secondary education. Obtaining an advanced degree remains a likely predictor of future career success. The problem facing the minority student is that barriers persist which continue to hinder enrollment, retention, and graduation rates in institutions of higher education. These barriers must be identified and examined and solutions offered if college completion rates are toRead MoreThe Achieve ment Gap1119 Words   |  5 Pagesachievement gap delineates the observed disparity in school performance among student groups. This gap is manifested in measures such as test scores, grades, college completion and dropout rates, and selection of courses. Within the U.S. context, the achievement gap has often been used to refer to the worrying performance disparities between Latinos and African-Americans on one hand and their non-Hispanic white counterparts on the other. The gap also describes academic differences between students hailingRead MoreThe Achievement Gap Between Hispanic Students And Non-Hispanic896 Words   |  4 PagesThe achievement gap between Hispanic students and non-Hispanic students is alarming due to the high dropout rates and the increasing Hispanic population in the United States. To better understand why Hispanic students dropout out of high school it is important to explore the perspectives and experiences of high school dropouts. Examining the root causes of whys Hispanic student’s drop out of high school can assist to improve dropout retention early on. As a significant number of Hispanics continueRead MoreAfrican American Student Relationships With Faculty Of Color And The Benefits Of These Relationships Essay1259 Words   |  6 PagesTheoretical Framework OtherMothering Similarly, Strayhorn et al (2008) undertook the task of looking at African American student relationships with faculty of color and the benefits of these relationships. Through the author’s exploration, the theoretical framework of â€Å"Othermothering† emerged (Strayhorn et al, 2008). According to Strayhorn et al (2008), Othermothering is a pattern of care that dates back to slavery, where mothers had to entrust the care of their children to other individuals. This

English Essay - 719 Words

Society ´s Child – My Autobiography – Janis Ian There will never be a time in your life, where it is not the right time to do something great. What is it you looked at, and decided that you could not do and ended up talking yourself out of? When things do not work out for you, is there anything you can think of, that can make you strong? When you allow your pain to push you to greatness and to believe in your principles. That is one of the themes that Janis Ian operates with from her book â€Å"Society ´s Child – My autobiography Janis Ian is an American folksinger and writer. She had her breakthrough with her first single â€Å"Society ´s Child† which can be related to her autobiography â€Å"Society ´s Child†. The song is about forbidden love†¦show more content†¦In this quotation she describes the atmosphere at the concert. Not only was it a few people who were against her, but suddenly it was everybody. Men and women from the lower- class the middle class and even the higher-class. People who dressed well even made a clearer picture of how the atmosphere was. Also she creates distance and contradictions by saying â€Å"You ´ve got to go back Janis. You ´ve got to, because if you don ´t they win. And you can ´t let them win. So it is clear that she is under pressure and she uses that pressure to create the bond with the readers of the story from the beginning to the very end. It is clear that the intention of Janis Ian ´s biography was to inform people how the racial segregation was in the 60 ´s and of course the exact situation she and many other freedom fighters and writers stood in. Another intention was to affect the readers ´ way of thinking. She does that in that way that even when she was paralyzed by the fear of the unruly crowd she still ends up having an excellent state of mind and therefore she overcame her obstacles and her fear by entering the stage for the very last time. Even if it means that she stands alone against everybody. 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Introduction to Health and Safety at Work-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Why should WHS Legislation be Standardised across Australia? 2.Who has responsibility for WHS? Do Trades Workers on site at any campus of Western Sydney have responsibilities for WHS? 3.What are the Key Elements of the Risk Management Process? 4.Why do Workers and Management have a bad attitude to Safety and how can this be addresse. Answers: Module Questions Week 6 Communication skills- Being able to note all important points highlighted by the interviewer, while being able to address all the questions asked by interviewer Academic qualifications- Answering job related or academic questions Work experience- Answering in-depth questions related to the job, potentially Passion/knowledge of industry/drive/commitment/attitude- Elaborating field related answers with examples from the industry or knowledge area (Friend Kohn, 2014) Team work skills- Participating actively in group discussion Critical reasoning and analytical skills/problem solving/lateral thinking/ technical skills- Solving analytical problems, handling potentially the critical turning points in group discussion Emotional intelligence- Showing self-awareness and empathising others, during group discussion 1.WHS laws are crucial for ensuring that all the staffs are safe in the workplace and for any kinds of health hazards, organization would be liable. All the states in Australia have not adopted the harmonised model of WHS laws. Although the WHS laws have gained high potential in regards to ensure Work Health and Safety laws through Australia, but Victoria and Western Australia have not adopted the model yet. After the federal election, Victoria and Western Australia will strategise in implementing the model work health and safety laws. This model in legislative framework would help t identify key hazards and risks associated to every organizational operation (Macdonald et al., 2011). Although there are some difficulties for Western Australia, for this it is important to make amendments similar t existing Occupational Safety and Health Act 1984. 2.The WHS Act 2011 highlights the responsibilities of officers of a PCBU. Therefore, the officer has the responsibility to undertake exercises for fulfilling its health and safety obligations under the Work Health and Safety Act 2011. In addition, supervisors have the responsibilities to supervise all the functions to ensure the adequacy of WHS operations. IN addition, WHS Committee, Workplace Advisory Committees, Workplace Advisory Representatives, Facilities Management Division have also specific responsibilities (Reese, 2015). 3.Yes, trades workers on site at any campus of Western Sydney have responsibilities for complying with the objectives of WHS legislative model in Australia. The key five elements of a risk management process are as follows: Identify the risk Analyze the risk Apply controls for the risk Evaluate the adequacy or effectiveness of the risk Monitor and review the risk 4.There are several reasons, why employees or management have bad attitude towards health and safety operations. Implementing health and safety policies usually enhances the responsibilities of every worker, thereby enhancing their duties in the organization. On the other hand, lack of support and awareness regarding the benefits of implementing health and safety policies in the organization, promote employees negative attitude towards safety. On the other hand, in case of management, implementing safety operations usually enhances the responsibilities of the management significantly. Management becomes liable to monitor the compliance of each employee in the safety framework and any kind of misconduct or non-compliance of employees with the safety objectives (Hughes Ferrett, 2011). Moreover, negative attitude of employees, lack of proper funding or compensations leads to bad attitude of management towards safety.

Managing Organizations and Leading People Business Model

Question: Describe about the Managing Organizations and Leading People for Business Model. Answer: Introduction When leadership comes in play, it tends to focus mostly on changes, the changes mainly work on creating systems that are needed by managers and eventually there is elevation of them to a whole new level. Looking at some of the definition of leadership, Ciulla (2008) argues that leadership tends to be a process that influences others to uniquely understand and agree on what is needed to be done and how it should be done, as well as the process that facilitates the individual or collective efforts to attain the shared objectives. Definition by Zehndorfer (2016) sees leadership as a process where individuals influence groups to achieve a common objective. Hence, the definitions create a central phenomenon such as individuals achieving a common goal or leadership involving influence of others. As a result of this definition the whole development of this paper will focus on the charismatic model of leadership whose aim is mostly focusing on the leadership aspect. Therefore, for effective argument of the charismatic leadership model, perhaps it would be important to at least try and come up with a complete overview of charismatic leadership description. Thus, charismatic according to Conger (1985) is a leadership styles that is recognized but perceived by many with less tangibility compared to other leadership styles. This kind of reality is receives difficult association of direct definition of charisma in an individual only when examine the individual. Zehndorfer (2016) works on defining the charisma model led to his categorization of charisma as an untraditional form of influence whereby leaders tend to possess exceptional qualities as perceived by followers. At times charisma is often a trait that is perceived to another, but the problem comes in describing the actual perception without direct reference of particular behaviour, traits or characteristics. Also followers attribution of charismatic qualities to leadership tends to be jointly determined by leadership expertise, behaviour or aspect of the situation. Taking exceptional behaviour aside, contextual factors such as crisis tends to have a significant role in charisma attribution. Therefore, the above overview effectively describes the view of a charismatic leader, thus in explaining the main issues of charismatic leadership; we will consider three factors that is vision, communication and trust. Ethics in Trust Establishing trust relationship with your followers as a leader tends to be crucial for any charismatic leader. Ingram (2013) creates notes that trust tends to be an extra ordinary because of its similarity with reverence. Sadler (2003) claims that trust must be in high levels between the leaders and followers, thus the aspect of integrity tends to be vital for creation of trust relationships. At times integrity is established through the demonstration of honesty and consistency that is between the said values and persons actions. Therefore, in this model of leadership for there to be trust one must always speak the truth for the purpose of quantifying values that one espouses to others. Thus, for purpose of full adherence to values charismatic leaders need to develop an understanding that of needs and values of followers. Hence, a subtle that is sensitive to play in this where leaders understand the need and values of followers and respect them via continuing mirror of personal conv ictions. Hence, in trust development it tends to be a process that effectively substantiates a charismatic leader poise and self sacrifice. Often this means that one is ready to sacrifice his position, money or other valued tangible activities that prove inherent congruent and maintain high levels of trust and relationship. Based on the above discussion of charismatic leader must accomplish this efforts through maintenance of trust and integrity. Teamwork through Communication Development of effective communication tends to be an essential quality in any form of leadership. With this in mind, it tends not to be different in charismatic leaders, but charismatic leaders have a unique character compared to the non charismatic leaders. Thus, for charismatic leaders effective communication factor goes beyond the merely dissemination of information. For effectiveness there is need of charismatics to include the emotional appeals within their rhetorics (Dayan Chan, 2012). Hence, this includes the use of symbols, metaphors, dramatic languages that tend to lend credibility to the communication process. Also, ideas, thoughts and concepts need to be articulated via inspiration and motivating manner. Hence, when charismatic leaders communicate with emotion, inspiration and motivation, the followers tend to react with charisma. At times charisma needs to appear with confidence and communication acts as self-confidence in rhetorical efforts (Stutje, 2012). Hence, this tends to be true mostly from distant charismatic leaders who communicate with followers through internet, television or radio. Hence, it will be expected that charismatic leaders will be recognized for the exciting and passionate public oratory. Hence, the methods of communication tend to be integral to the attribution of charisma (Ingram, 2013). Therefore, charisma leaders are often remembered because of their rousing speeches where crowds were frenzied with excitement. Thus, as a charisma leader you need to close the bridge distance gap and create effective communication via a variety of media for the purpose of being considered charismatic by your followers. Leadership in Vision Similar to communication, establishment of vision tends to be a vital trait for a successful leader. For charismatic leaders they often emerge with a vision that is mainly solution oriented and different from the status quo. Hence, new vision tends to be different from the way things were done previously and it tends to be an important separator compared to other leadership styles. As noted by Stutje (2012) other leadership styles tends to have a less radical new vision, thus charismatic leader tend to engage followers in radical change. Avolio Yammarino (2002) further indicates that a charismatic leader always articulates an ideological vision. Hence, the ideological vision being portrayed tends to be source of differentiation from the normative. Followers only attribute visionary attribute of charisma to leaders who have set personalized vision that allows steadfast resolve (Ciulla, 2008). But, truth of matter is that followers will not only attribute to charisma based on vision b ut with proper enthusiastic articulation of the vision. Therefore, charismatic leaders always translate radical and innovative ideas into social ideas, thus concerns of vision tends to be the internalization of vision in followers that tends to directly lead to attribution of charisma to leaders. From the three aspects discussed, it tends to provide an in-depth analysis of the charismatic leadership model. But, the most significant aspect is on how charismatic leaders organize or handle emerging situations based on charismatic model. After looking at this perhaps it would be vital to describe some of the leadership traits, skills and tasks which are effective in a leaders case, they include: Passionate- here, leaders need to be passionate in what they do. This is mainly done through levels of commitment which motivates team member to do a better work. Also, modelling of attitude tends to be a vital a leader must have so as to successful attained the set objectives (Zehndorfer, 2016). Assertiveness- as leaders you set requirements for you team and goals that need fulfilment. Therefore, in instances where leaders arent meeting expectations they need to be assertive. For an assertive leader, he or she should be bold and firm to go after the set goals. Thus, such levels of certainty and confidence may be important for tackling issues in your team. Empowering- supporting of team members tends to be the best way of encouraging members to perform. Empowering makes it clear that you trust team members judgement (Ciulla, 2008). Thus, as a leader you should give authority to people to carry out their duties and show them the significance of respect. Confidence- for a successful leader being confident in abilities and decisions tends to be a vital aspect. Therefore, for purpose of encouraging followers as a leader you should be confident with a strong feeling of sense of certainty about choices you make (Stutje, 2012). Flexibility- it is widely known that not everything goes as planned in any business. At times competitors tend to change tactics or there may be new government regulations. Therefore, it is vital for a leader to be flexible so as to change courses so as to make sure that a business survives. Responsibility- a successful leader is always responsible. A responsible leader always takes of the activities that are happening in a business. Therefore, as a leader you should always scrutinize activities in your firm so as to be able to effective and avoid losses in your businesses. In conclusion, the above discussion tends to significantly show how leadership is an important aspect in the attainment of organizational goals. Charismatic leaders based on the discussion provided are effective an efficient in the attainment of organizational goals. This tends to be so because of the aspects that emerge when one possess the charismatic qualities. Therefore, it should be recommended that based on the above discussion leaders adopt the above stated traits so as to become effective leaders. References Strong, C. R. (2009).The role of charismatic leadership in ending the Cold War: the presidencies of Boris Yeltsin, Vaclav Havel, and Helmut Kohl. Lewiston, Edwin Mellen Press Zehndorfer, E. (2016).Charismatic leadership: the role of charisma in the global financial crisis. Conger, J. A. (1985).Charismatic leadership in business: an exploratory study : a thesis. Sadler, P. (2003).Leadership. London, Kogan Page Ltd. Stutje, J. W. (2012).Charismatic leadership and social movements: the revolutionary power of ordinary men and women. New York, Berghahn Books. Dayan, H., Chan, K. B. (2012).Charismatic leadership in Singapore: three extraordinary people. New York, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. Ingram, H. J. (2013).Charismatic leadership phenomenon in radical and militant Islamism. Farnham, Ashgate Publishing Ltd. Avolio, B. J., Yammarino, F. J. (2002).Transformational and charismatic leadership: the road ahead. Amsterdam, JAI. Zehndorfer, E. (2016).Charismatic leadership. [S.l.], Routledge. Ciulla, J. B. (2008).Leadership at the crossroads. Westport, Conn, Praeger.